Swot Analysis of Hdfc Bank free essay sample

HDFC Bank Limited SWOT Analysis organization profile is the fundamental hotspot for top-level organization information and data. HDFC Bank Limited SWOT Analysis looks at the company’s key business structure and tasks, history and items, and gives synopsis investigation of its key income lines and methodology. HDFC Bank is another age private segment bank in India which represents considerable authority in the arrangement of banking and other money related administrations to upper and center pay people and organizations. The companys administrations incorporate retail, business and electronic financial items. cv composing administration gumtree It additionally gives treasury administrations and capital markets foundation. The organization fundamentally works in India. HDFC Bank is headquartered in Mumbai, India and utilizes around 51,888 individuals. The organization recorded incomes of INR124,693. 9 million (around $2,632. 3 million) during the money related year (FY) finished March 2010, an expansion of 15% over FY2009. The working benefit of the organization was INR65,638. 8 million (around $1,385. 6 million) during FY2010, an expansion of 26. We will compose a custom article test on Swot Analysis of Hdfc Bank or on the other hand any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page 3% over FY2009. The net benefit was INR30,036. 5 million (around $634. 1 million) in FY2010, an expansion of 33. % over FY2009. Extent of the Report Provides all the critical data on HDFC Bank Limited required for business and contender insight needs Contains an investigation of the major inside and outside variables influencing HDFC Bank Limited as a SWOT examination just as a breakdown and assessment of driving item income surges of HDFC Bank Limited - Data is enhanced with subtleties on HDFC Bank Limited history, key officials, business depiction, areas and auxiliaries just as a rundown of items and administrations and the most recent accessible proclamation from HDFC Bank Limited Motivations to Purchase Support deals exercises by comprehension your customers’ organizations better Qualify forthcoming accomplices and providers Keep completely cutting-edge on your competitors’ business structure, system and possibilities Obtain the most state-of-the-art organization data accessible

Leadership Within a Global Context Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Administration Within a Global Context - Essay Example n substance, strength to change and social narrow mindedness/segregation are the significant difficulties that a pioneer is confronted with in a multicultural general wellbeing condition (Dowell, Tappero, and Frieden, 2011). This paper depicts the two significant difficulties related with multicultural authority in the general wellbeing area and the likely systems of countering the difficulties. Multicultural administration is maybe the most burdening type of troublesome since the supporters and youngsters hold outrageous assessments about different angles and operational methodology inside the association (Hofstede, 2010). The general wellbeing part isn't a special case albeit general wellbeing experts are known to maintain the most noteworthy moral gauges. In this regard, social narrow mindedness and segregation is typical in a multicultural domain, for example, medicinal services offices (Bã ¼cker and Poutsma, 2010). Pioneers in these circumstances need to control and oversee customers, patients, and clinical specialists with extraordinary and slanted impression of different societies. Moreover, outsiders and outsiders are the normal casualties, particularly when general wellbeing pioneers need to fit the entire workforce (Dowell, Tappero, and Frieden, 2011). Albeit numerous wellbeing specialists guarantee to grasp change, their activities portray versatility. For example, the Hawaii tremor catastrophe of 2010 uncovered a general wellbeing area that was smug with fair clinical wellbeing administrations (Mã ¤kilouko, 2004). On a very basic level, hesitance to change and embrace new advances or better approaches for believing is an issue that is sickly the general wellbeing part. Surely, the difficult smacks directly even with general wellbeing supervisors who bear the obligation of running the area. Troublesome and uncooperative wellbeing specialists are ordinary in a multicultural wellbeing office and it is the duty of the general wellbeing pioneer to guarantee consistency inside their particular zones of control (Hofstede, 2010). Since each issue has

Back From Vacation

Back From Vacation Im back! Here are the answers to some common questions that have been piling up in my inbox Where the heck have you been?!? April 6-9 was CPW, followed by my first real vacation in over a year. A whole week off! Just got back today 1000+ emails in my inbox good times. :-) What can you tell me about next falls Orientation and Pre-Orientation programs for admitted students? Those are run by the Academic Resource Center (ARC) and not by Admissions, so Im not really an expert on those topics. For the best source of information, please visit web.mit.edu/orientation. Youll find various dates and ARC contact information there. What is the deadline to accept MITs offer of admission? You need to return our form by May 1 (postmark date) if you intend to enroll at MIT. How much is the deposit to secure my place in the class of 2010? Where do I send the deposit? No deposit is required. Just be sure to send in the form by the May 1 deadline. Are you taking anyone from the waitlist this year? We wont know until a few days after May 1, when admitted students let us know if they intend to enroll. If you go to the waitlist, when will decisions be made? If we need to use the waitlist this year, we will begin looking at candidates during the week of May 8. How can I apply to be an admissions blogger next year? Contact us in August and let us know that you wish to be considered for a blogging position. As most of our bloggers will be returning, we will likely only be hiring bloggers from the class of 2010 (and perhaps one additional upperclassman). There is no formal application process, but please note that we only hire experienced bloggers, and therefore your current blog (i.e. your portfolio) is the major factor in whether or not we choose you. The quality and frequency of your content (and how long youve been keeping your blog) will all affect your chances of being chosen. In other words if you dont currently have a blog and you want to be considered, you should probably start a blog ASAP. :-) So what did you do on your vacation, anyway? I built a swingset for my kids! Prior to CPW, I used a wheelbarrow to haul boulders out of the woods to make a 32 x 26 perimeter. On the Monday following CPW, I had 29 tons (yes, 29 tons it sounded absurd to me too) of gravel delivered to the spot, which was dumped in a big pile. It took all of Monday and Tuesday to distribute it evenly throughout the perimeter of boulders (I used only a shovel). Towards the end of Tuesday, it looked like this: And then I spent Weds, Thurs, and Fri building the thing: Not bad for a non-engineer, eh? On Saturday, my MIT co-workers all came over (with their kids) to test out the finished product and celebrate the end of the admissions cycle. It was quite a party, and we had amazing weather. Sunday and Monday felt more like real vacation days, which were much appreciated. And today I am back. Next up: my long-overdue personal CPW recap! Back From Vacation I am back in the office, did you miss me? :-) St. John was awesome, but not as awesome as MIT. Consider the evidence: Sigh. But a week of total relaxation didnt stop me from thinking about MIT constantly. Here I am, preparing to do an info session for the people on the beach: I even made my wife do some recruiting: To make it seem as though it hasnt been almost a month since my last post, Ive created some utterly ridiculous entries for you all to enjoy: The LiveJournal Survey The MySpace Survey The Xanga Survey Look for some actual substance in the near future itll take me a few days to remember what it is that I actually do around here. Ah, the post-vacation mind melt.

Nursing Care Plan Impaired Parenting - 1414 Words

Impaired Parenting is a nursing diagnosis that should be considered for all parents who are having a child. There are many classes available to new parents that can be taken before childbirth takes place. These classes will inform parents how to take care of their newborn child, as well as, mentally prepare each family member what their role will be with the birth of their new child. The National Center on Shaken Baby Syndrome says that in 2003, 1,300 infants in the United States died from being shaken (Tumlin,2010). Most of these deaths could have been prevented. If parents fail to take parenting classes before birth there is a higher chance they may be impaired for the obstacles they will be facing upon having a child. Impaired Parenting†¦show more content†¦This intervention is necessary so that the mother can calm the baby down when crying. The third intervention set in place to help this family was that the nurse would allow plenty of time for the infant to bond with th e family while at the hospital. This intervention was necessary so the parents can ask any questions they might have to the nurse while the nurse is present to help make the parents more comfortable when bringing home their newborn. The first time the mother held the infant, the mother was stiff and did not move at all while the infant was in her arms. By the end of the clinical experience that day, it was apparent that the mother had become more comfortable handling her newborn by the way she was inspecting and touching the newborn. The mother became less tense and began holding the newborn with much more ease. The parents had decided to bottle feed the baby and after receiving some education on how to properly do so from the nurse, both parents were doing a sufficient job of bottle feeding. This type of evaluation is what the nurse likes to see. If the nurse evaluates the patient and is not seeing any improvements, she would then need to go back, modify the interventions, and try something different. An article by Janis M. Campbell from the Journal of Community Health Nursing, titled â€Å"Parenting Classes: Focus on Discipline,†Show MoreRelatedJean Watson Case Study1273 Words   |  6 Pagestheory-based nursing practice that can improve health and healing in stressful life circumstances, such as in the case of Elizabeth Jefferies is a divorced 46-year-old mother of two children, who is going through some life stressors/ challenges; psychological, physiology, and spiritual challenges. E.J.’s case study will be reviewed from the objective and feasible subjective data, identify relative nursing diagnoses, identify and establish outcomes with interventions, implement plan of care, and evaluationRead MoreSample Care Plan Psych4533 Words   |  19 PagesPSYCHIATRIC NURSING MAJOR PLAN OF CARE ASSIGNMENT Guidelines: 1. This assignment is much like a Case Study and is intended to be a comprehensive learning experience that synthesizes essential psychiatric and medical/surgical nursing theory. Your finished product will demonstrate mastery of principles needed for nurses working with mentally impaired patients. 2. It is similar to other Major Plans of Care with face sheet, lab sheets, TACTIS, assessment forms, and etc., but will be different in thatRead MoreFetal Alcohol Syndrome The Effects of Alcohol on a Fetus During Pregnancy1727 Words   |  7 Pagesfetus or infant but are less severe than FAS yet, shows permanent neurocognitive disabilities. The alcohol effects on the CNS of the fetus may cause permanent neurodevelopmental disabilities that include: mental retardation, learning disabilities, impaired judgment, poor motor coordination, and sensory processing deficits. Sensory processing deficits like behavioral problems occur including: hyperactivity, aggression, impulsivity, and poor social skills. The Surgeon General issued recommendationsRead MoreTeen Pregnancy : Education Is A Virtue851 Words   |  4 Pagesinto situations they never understood. This paper will discuss proper sex education services, teen pregnancy support programs, the impact of television reality, contracept ion management, and socio-economic difficulties. The Initial Assessment and Nursing Diagnoses As adolescents enter their primitive years, many physiological changes take affect. The search for sexual identity begins as well as physical transformation from the pubescent to the adult body. Psychological changes take hold as wellRead MoreMy Rotation For Obstetrics1280 Words   |  6 Pageslabor and delivery and postpartum, but ultimately enjoyed spending most of my time in there Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). While providing care to one specific child I was encouraged by my instructor to help provide instruction to the parents in several different areas, but as I worked with mom and dad to help take care of the baby I noticed some deficients in the knowledge of care for their child. The most being about bonding with their child since the child was to remain in an isolette.Read MoreFamily Assessment2939 Words   |  12 PagesFamily assessment This paper will discuss the Universal Self-Care Requisites, Developmental Self-Care Requisites, and Health Deviation Self-Care Requisites of assessed family according to Orems Self-Care deficit theory. Family Profile This large family consists of eighteen children ages four to seventeen. The father (initials F.B.) is approximately forty years old. He is an Admiral in the United States Coast Guard. The mother (H.W.) is approximately forty years old. She is a self employed asRead MoreEffects Of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder In Children1400 Words   |  6 Pagesmonths (Hockenberry et al., 2017). During a nursing assessment of the child, the nurse would notice the child constantly moving and unable to sit quietly. If the nurse was not aware that the child has ADHD, the nurse could be aware by observing the child’s behavior. The nurse could engage in a conversation and ask the child age appropriate questions to determine if the child is able to maintain focus. A nursing diagnosis for this child would be impaired social interaction related to developmentalRead MoreEriksons Stages Of Psychosocial Development1571 Words   |  7 PagesIntimacy vs. Isolation __x__ Generativity vs. Self-absorption/Stagnation _____ Ego Integrity vs. Despair Definition: In this stage generativity refers to the adult s ability to care for another person. The most important event in this stage is parenting. Does the adult have the ability to care and guide the next generation? Generativity has a broader meaning then just having children. Each adult must have some way to satisfy and support the next generation. According to Erikson, ARead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Inflammatory Bowel Disease ( Ibd )1316 Words   |  6 Pagesoccurrence of the disease is largely influenced by environmental factors (Lichtenstein Scherl, 2011, p.77).This has been a life changing experience for him and as a result he is a completely different person as his digestive system relies on his self-care. Impact: Mr. A and his family has to pass through emotions, fear and uncertainty as they were unsure what to expect when the diagnosis is complete. Mr. A and his family did not want to hear the bad news and also believed that their religious faithRead MoreTeaching A New Family About Shaken Baby Syndrome1920 Words   |  8 Pagesat Children’s Hospital of Colorado. Baby Haven was born at 34 weeks gestation to a mother who had used alcohol, marijuana and tobacco while pregnant. Additionally, she claimed to have not known she was pregnant until July and did not seek prenatal care until September, one month before the birth of baby Haven. The birth mother made the choice to put Haven up for adoption. I met the adoptive mother and father while caring for Haven the day before her discharge. Although she was premature and born

Why Is the Crucible so Called Essay - 2321 Words

How is #8216;The Crucible#8217; appropriately titled? The word #8216;crucible#8217; is used by Arthur Miller in his play as a metaphor. The first definition of the word crucible is: a melting pot especially for metals. In the play this is first acknowledged during the first act, as we gradually piece together the information concerning the girls dancing. The #8216;kettle#8217; viewed by Reverend Parris mirrors a crucible. We are told that the girls had made a brew which contained a little frog and blood is therefore viewed by the characters involved as a potent, fearsome mixture and this signifies the beginning of the Salem tragedy. It seems that from this #8216;brew#8217; a more sinister force is released. The dancing and†¦show more content†¦The pressures show in the people many of whom become hysterical. The play examines the permanent conditions of the climate of hysteria and the consequences. The situation escalates and we watch the strange moral alchemy by which t he accused become inviolable; the disrepute which overtakes the testimony of simple intelligence; the insistence on public penance; the willingness to absolve if guilt is confessed. The etymology of the word crucible also has direct connotations with the play. The word is devrived from the Latin Crucibulum, with the first part of the Latin being similar to the Latin word Crux (a cross). This is linked to the play in several ways. Firstly, the play is written around the story of a good hardworking man, John Proctor whom however is a sinner. The play is concerned with the changes taking place in his life leading to his decision to hang, his vicissitude. He does not want to save himself by sullying the good names of others. The events of the play are really the crossroads of his life in the way that he must either between saving his life, with lies or dying for what he really believes in and finding his truth. He finds this very difficult and says to his wife towards the end of the play #8216;Let Rebecca go like a saint, for me it is a fraud#8217;. He feels because he is already a sinner he will goShow MoreRelated Why Is The Crucible So Called Essay2263 Words   |  10 Pages How is The Crucible appropriately titled? The word crucible is used by Arthur Miller in his play as a metaphor. The first definition of the word crucible is: a melting pot especially for metals. In the play this is first acknowledged during the first act, as we gradually piece together the information concerning the girls dancing. The kettle viewed by Reverend Parris mirrors a crucible. We are told that the girls had made a brew which contained a little frog and blood is therefore viewedRead MoreArthur Millers The Crucible And The Second Red Scare1293 Words   |  6 Pages In Arthur Miller’s â€Å"Why I Wrote The Crucible†, Miller connects The Crucible and the Second Red Scare by highlighting his process of writing which in return displays the two different time era’s similarities. He states, â€Å"[W]hen I began to think of writing about the hunt for Reds in America, I was motivated in some great part by the paralysis that had set in among many liberals who, despite their discomfort with the inquisito rs’ violations of civil rights, were fearful†¦of being identified as Communists†Read MoreEssay On The Red Scare Allegory For The Crucible878 Words   |  4 PagesRed scare allegory for the crucible The salem witch hunts and the Red Scare caused big problems and death in the U.S. In 1950 everyone was scared that communism would spread to the united states and McCarthy wanted to get rid of all communist in the united states but instead accused innocent citizens. In salem 1692 multiple girls were out in the woods dancing and were thought to be possessed and working with the devil. Girls accused many citizens in salem claiming they were witches and causingRead More McCarthyism versus The Crucible by Arthur Miller Essay example1174 Words   |  5 Pagesschools, and other areas. This was called the Red Scare (Brinkley). One writer that used this era as a basis for his play, The Crucible, was Arthur Miller. He was able to capture the panic and mere insanity of many Americans in an allegorical way. The crusade against subversion played a significant role in the following: the actions and tactics of McCarthy, the reasons why Miller and other artists were targets of McCarthyism, and th e relationship of his play The Crucible to the events of the late 1940sRead MoreThe Crucible Response Essay930 Words   |  4 PagesArthur Miller’s â€Å"The Crucible† was written in response to the United States and Russia Red Scare. Miller used the â€Å"The Crucible† to inform people of how hysteria of the Salem witch trials resembled the communist accusations happening within the American government. At the time, McCarthy’s â€Å"witch hunts† for communist committing sedition. As opposed to the Red Scare, â€Å"The Crucible† started due to an actual witch craft incident. The Red Scare however, began due to real accounts of treason and communismRead MoreEssay Compared To The Crucible736 Words   |  3 PagesIn Arthur Miller book, â€Å"The Crucible† the government accused people of McCarthyism and during the red scare people were accused of communism. During the years of 1692-1693 people accused of witchcraft were hung by the jury with no remorse. The comparison between the two is that Arthur Miller wrote a play to compare to the Salem Witch Trials. Within The Red Scare if people were accused of being a communist then they would be blacklisted. When blacklisted you would lose your job and become pretty muchRead More The Parallels Between Arthur Millers Life and His Play, The Crucible1486 Words   |  6 Pageshappened many years ago—and write about it effectively. Only one has had the courage and intelligence to do both. Arthur Miller was an American author who wrote plays, essays, and stories and has published works dating from to 1936 through 2004. The Crucible, one of his most famous plays, premiered in New York on January 22, 1953 (InfoTrac). It is a historical-fiction story set in Salem, Massachusetts in 1692. The witch hunt described in this play is similar to the Red Scare, an anti-communist movementRead MoreCrucible Vs Mccarthyism Essay1297 Words   |  6 Pagesfrom being questioned or accused. The act of doing so was later called McCarthyism. This relates to the play called the crucible in many ways. The play was written by Arthur Miller and famous play writer. This was a famous play because he published during the time of communism accusations. The play talks about people having a rare sickness that is caused by doing witchcraft. It relates well to McCarthyism because people where telling on each other so that they wouldn t get stoned or punished. ArthurRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller Essay1552 Words   |  7 PagesTrust, Honor and Faith is what is questioned in Arthur Miller â€Å"The Crucible†. The Crucible is about the Salem witch trials. Several young girls claim to be afflicted by witchcraft. The afflicted girls accuse people in the town of witchcraft, often choosing victims who they or their families dislike. The main antagonist Abigail Williams with the other girl’s accusations resulted in the arrests and death of many people in the community of Salem. Arthur Miller wrote this play during the time of theRead MoreHysteria And Lies In The Crucible Analysis946 Words   |  4 PagesEvangeline Run Mr. Young English 11CP 22 October 2017 Hysteria and Lies and Deceit The Crucible â€Å"Those who lie, twist life so that it looks tasty to the lazy, brilliant to the ignorant, and powerful to the weak.†-Jose N. Harris. Arthur Miller the author of the play called The Crucible sets in the town of Salem, Massachusetts which was populated by the Puritans who hanged twenty innocent people in 1692. Miller wants to make the point that the theme of Lies and Deceits makes people lie to benefit themselves

Mobile Analysis Business Model Free Essays

This paper focuses on the strategic uncertainties, where a large number of actors are trying a number of strategic approaches to position themselves in the most favorable position in the value system. As a consequence, they are experimenting with a number of innovating business models. We argue that successful business models are likely to be the ones that best address the economic peculiarities underlying this industry, like mobility, network effects and natural monopolies. We will write a custom essay sample on Mobile Analysis Business Model or any similar topic only for you Order Now The paper presents the principal classes of actors that will participate In the mobile business Industry and give an overview of their business models based on a formalized ontology. Many definitions of mobile business focus on enabling business transaction through airless devices, confusing mobile commerce and mobile business. A commonly adopted definition, by Drencher, defines mobile commerce as â€Å"any transaction with a monetary value that Is conducted via mobile telecommunication network† (M;leeriness, 1999). Similar to e-commerce, the focus Is on the exchange of products and services, but without the constraint of a stationary user using wired infrastructure. We prefer to adopt a broader view of mobile business, which includes â€Å"all activities related to a (potential) commercial transaction through communications networks that Interface with mobile devices† (Treacheries, 2002). Mobile business is a very recent, but promising Industry created by the emergence and widespread adoption of wireless data networks, that enable the convergence of the Internet, e- business and the wireless world (Oklahoma, 2002). Similar to other emerging industries, mobile business is characterized by a continuously changing and complex environment, which creates important uncertainties at the levels of technology, demand and strategy (Porter, 1980). At the technological level, uncertainties are typically caused by rapid technological development and the cycle of an industry which is born thanks to a technological innovation. Concerning emend, despite a generalized consensus about the huge potential of mobile business services, nobody actually knows how to exploit the new possibilities brought by technology to create valuable services that the customers are willing to pay. Finally, strategic uncertainties are a common situation in emerging industries, whose essential characteristic from the viewpoint of formulating strategies is that there are no established rules of the game. As a consequence, actors must experience with a variety of strategic approaches and constantly reposition themselves in order to find the most favorable competitive position in the industry. Based on these observations, we developed a general research framework inspired by the works on the Balanced Scorecard (figure 1). Our objective is to conceive a market observation tool for the mobile business industry. The underlying idea is that we can better understand the reality by taking views from different complementary perspectives and putting them all together. The perspectives are chosen to cover all the different uncertainties mentioned above. Each perspective focuses on certain aspects of the mobile landscape and requires specific observation tools. The innovation Focus Observed objects Observation tools How to cite Mobile Analysis Business Model, Papers

Mexico Essays (835 words) - Mexico, Aztec, Mexican Art, Mexicans

Mexico Mexico is our neighbor to the south. The United States was once part of Mexico. The country is a place for tourism and vacations for us. For the Mexicans, it's home. They live different lives then us. Near the year 7000 B.C., Indians learned to grow plants for food. In time they were able to settle in villages. Those villages grew into towns. During the years 250 to 900 A.D. , the Indians lived in the "Classic Period" in Mexican history. During the time, the Mayas built huge pyramids and temples. They developed Mathematics and studied astronomy. The Zapotecas flattened a mountain top and built a temple. They also wrote the first written records in the region. The Aztecs built the greatest civilization in the years 1400. They had a capital named Tenochtitlan. Tenochtitlan is now Mexico City. The Aztecs had a powerful emperor named Montezuma II. In February 1519, a Spaniard named Hernando Cortes founded the city Veracruz for Spain. He then marched towards Tenochtitlan and seized Montezuma. The Aztecs revolted and forced the Spaniards out of Tenochtitlan. Two years later, Cortes returned to the city and conquered Tenochtitlan. Cuauhtemoc, the last Aztec emperor, was tortured. He is now a Mexican hero. Spain now owned Mexico. For less then 300 years Mexico was a Spanish colony. That is why the language of Mexico is Spanish. The Indians were forced to accept the Roman Catholic religion. They Indians mixed the Roman Catholic religion with their own religion. In 1810, a man named Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla , a priest, started a fight for the independence of Mexico. He had many Indians and Mestizos who fought against Spain for him. The Spanish king taxed the people of Mexico for their revolt. Most of the people did not want independence. The Mexicans later won their independence when there were more Mexican fighters then Spanish. In 1821, Mexico became independent. In 1824, Mexico became a republic. In the year 1846-1848, Mexico had a war with The United States. The Americans fought the war because they wanted Mexican land. The Americans won the war and took control of States like California and Texas. In 1917, Mexico adopted a Constitution. In the years 1942-1945 Mexico entered World War II for the Allied Powers. In 1953, women won the right to vote. In 1968, the Summer Olympics were in Mexico City. In 1985, an earthquake in Mexico City killed thousands of Mexicans. One of the most famous Mexican writers was Octavio Paz. He was a poet. In 1990 he became the first Mexican to win a Nobel Prize in literature. He also wrote many political essays about Mexico. Many of his works have been translated into English and are popular among many people. His most famous piece of writing was "El Larerinto De La Soledad". A famous Mexican painter was Diego Rivera. He is well known for the murals he painted in Mexico City. His murals were related to Mexican History. He also did murals in the United States, which were about the life of an American. Other painters who painted murals in Mexico were Jose Orozco and David Siqueiros. The Architecture in Mexico City is very artistic because it is full of murals and old ancient ruins. The city is a work of art to many people. It is one of the Art Capitals of the world. Mexican music is very unique. Some instruments used in Mexican music are flutes, marimbas, and guitars. The music is called "Folk Dance". "La Bamba" is a folk dance song, which was made into a rock song by Richie Valens. Many songs of folk dance are performed in the streets of Mexico City and other places. Songs of folk dance are played fast. The dances are very fast too. The most popular sport in Mexico is Soccer. Mexico has a World Cup soccer team that did very good at the 1998 World Cup in France. Jorge Campos is the most popular Mexican player in Mexico. He is the goalie for the World Cup team. He is one of the best goalies in the world. Another popular sport is baseball. Every year there is 1 American Major League baseball game played in Mexico City. Many people go to this game. Mexico might have a Major League Baseball team in Mexico City in the near future. Bullfighting is also a popular sport in Mexico. The season for bullfighting is in the winter. It's a national sport. Every year, on November 2nd, Mexico celebrates "The Day of the

United States Northerners Essays - American Civil War, Free Essays

United States Northerners Essays - American Civil War, Free Essays United States Northerners 1850, Northerners never dreamed of war against south, why public opinion change?: North wanted to stay unified and as a country but the south was concerned that Lincoln would emancipate (set free) the slaves & it wasn't the emancipation of slaves that concerned the South, but fact that if Lincoln were to free slaves it would be denying the states their rights; northerners sought that to be like a rebellion against us and were determined to keep the Union together, N believed if S seceded both would fall apart economies dependent on factories in N and agriculture in S Historians say Mexican war was 1st battle of civil war, a/d: Agree, bc in many ways, the Mexican War (184648) was, indeed, the forerunner of the Civil War, for most of the great warriors of 186165 actually had their first taste of battle & tested their character in Mexican War. More importantly a direct result of the Mexican War the US gained control over lands that nearly doubled its previous size; future states of Texas, New Mexico, Colorado, Utah, Nevada, Arizona, & Cali were all obtained as a direct result of the war. Much of the future economic wealth of the USyes, its very status as a truly world powermust be attributed to this huge land acquisition. It changed the course of Amer. history and should be more widely recognized. It revived intense and heated debate about the expansion of slavery in the West. What was Britains role in the civil war: South expected the British to help them in the war since they were in a partnership (traded with each other) but Britain preferred to stay neutral instead of starting a war with the northern side of the US; union set up the blockade that did not allow these things to continue to take place; Britain sold weapons and war materials to both sides; Britain had suffered through many bad harvests around that time and desperately needed the northern wheat. They got cotton from Egypt and India instead of the south. Britain mostly tried to remain neutral

Quipu - South Americas Undeciphered Writing System

Quipu - South Americas Undeciphered Writing System Quipu is the Spanish form of the Inca (Quechua language) word khipu (also spelled quipo), a unique form of ancient communication and information storage used by the Inca Empire, their competition and their predecessors in South America. Scholars believe that quipus record information in the same way as a cuneiform tablet or a painted symbol on papyrus do. But rather than using painted or impressed symbols to convey a message, the ideas in quipus are expressed by colors and knot patterns, cord twist directions and directionality, in cotton and wool threads. The first western report of quipus was from the Spanish conquistadors including Francisco Pizarro and the clerics who attended him. According to Spanish records, quipus were kept and maintained by specialists (called quipucamayocs or khipukamayuq), and shamans who trained for years to master the intricacies of the multi-layered codes. This was not a technology shared by everyone in the Inca community. According to 16th-century historians such as Inca Garcilaso de la Vega, quipus  were carried throughout the empire by relay riders, called chasquis, who brought the coded information along the Inca road system, keeping the Inca rulers up to date with the news around their far-flung empire. The Spanish destroyed thousands of quipus in the 16th century. An estimated 600 remain today, stored in museums, found in recent excavations, or preserved in local Andean communities. Quipu Meaning Although the process of deciphering the quipu system is still just beginning, scholars surmise (at least) that information is stored in cord color, cord length, knot type, knot location, and cord twist direction. Quipu cords are often plaited in combined colors like a barber pole; cords sometimes have single threads of distinctively dyed cotton or wool woven in. Cords are connected mostly from a single horizontal strand, but on some elaborate examples, multiple subsidiary cords lead off from the horizontal base in vertical or oblique directions. What information is stored in a quipu? Based on historical reports, they were certainly used for administrative tracking of tributes and records of the production levels of farmers and artisans throughout the Inca empire. Some quipu may have represented maps of the pilgrimage road network known as the ceque system and/or they may have been mnemonic devices to help oral historians remember ancient legends or the genealogical relationships so important to Inca society. American anthropologist Frank Salomon has noted that the physicality of quipus seems to suggest that the medium was exceptionally strong in encoding discrete categories, hierarchy, numbers, and grouping. Whether quipus have narratives embedded in them as well, the likelihood that well ever be able to translate story-telling quipus is very small. Evidence for the Quipu Use Archaeological evidence indicates that quipus have been in use in South America at least since ~AD 770, and they continue to be used by Andean pastoralists today. The following is a brief description of evidence supporting quipu use throughout Andean history. Caral-Supe culture (possible, ca 2500 BC). The oldest possible quipu comes from the Caral-Supe civilization, a preceramic (Archaic) culture in South America made up of at least 18 villages and enormous pyramidal architecture. In 2005, researchers reported a collection of strings twisted around small sticks from a context dated to approximately 4,000-4,500 years ago. Further information has not been published to date, and the interpretation of this as a quipu is somewhat controversial.Middle Horizon Wari (AD 600-1000). The strongest evidence for the  pre-Inca use of quipu record keeping is from the Middle Horizon Wari (or Huari) empire, an early urban and perhaps state level Andean society centered at the capital city of Huari, Peru. The competing and contemporary Tiwanaku state also had a cord device called a chino, but little information is available about its technology or characteristics to date.Late Horizon Inca (1450-1532). The best-known and largest number of surviving quipus are dated to the Inca period (1450-Spanish conquest in 1532). These are known both from the archaeological record and from historical reports- hundreds are in museums around the world, with data on 450 of them residing in the Khipu Database Project at Harvard University. Quipu Usage After the Spanish Arrival At first, the Spanish encouraged the use of quipu for various colonial enterprises, from recording the amount of collected tribute to keeping track of sins in the confessional. The converted Inca peasant was supposed to bring a quipu to the priest to confess his sins and read those sins during that confession. That stopped when the priests realized that most of the people couldnt actually use a quipu in that manner: the converts had to return to the quipu specialists to obtain a quipu and a list of sins that corresponded to the knots. After that, the Spanish worked to suppress the use of the quipu. After the suppression, much Inca information was stored in written versions of the Quechua and Spanish  languages, but quipu use continued in local, intracommunity records. The historian  Garcilaso de la Vega based his reports of the downfall of the last Inca king Atahualpa on both quipu and Spanish sources. It might have been at the same time that quipu technology began to spread outside of the quipucamayocs and Inca rulers: some Andean herders today still use quipu to keep track of their llama and alpaca herds. Salomon also found that in some provinces, local governments use historical quipu as patrimonial symbols of their past, although they do not claim competence in reading them. Administrative Uses: Santa River Valley Census Archaeologists Michael Medrano and Gary Urton compared six quipus said to have been recovered from a burial in the Santa River Valley of coastal Peru, to data from a Spanish colonial administrative census conducted in 1670. Medrano and Urton found striking pattern similarities between the quipu and census, leading them to argue that they hold some of the same data. The Spanish census reported information about the Recuay Indians who lived in several settlements near what is today the town of San Pedro de Corongo. The census was split into administrative units (pachacas) which usually coincided with Incan clan group or ayllu. The census lists 132 people by name, each of whom paid taxes to the colonial government. At the end of the census, a statement said the tribute assessment was to be read out to the natives and entered into a quipu. The six quipus were in the collection of the Peruvian-Italian quipu scholar Carlos Radicati de Primeglio at the time of his death in 1990. Together the six quipus contain a total of 133 six-cord color-coded groups. Medrano and Urton suggest that each cord group represents a person on the census, containing information about each individual. What the Quipu Say The Santa River cord groups are patterned, by color banding, knot direction, and ply: and Medrano and Urton believe that it is possible that the name, moiety affiliation, ayllu, and amount of tax owed or paid by an individual taxpayer could well be stored among those different cord characteristics. They believe they have so far identified the way the moiety is coded into the cord group, as well as the amount of tribute paid or owed by each individual. Not every individual paid the same tribute. And they have identified possible ways that proper names might have been recorded as well. The implications of the research are that Medrano and Urban have identified evidence supporting the contention that quipu store a great deal of information about the rural Inca societies, including not just the amount of tribute paid, but family connections, social status, and language. Inca Quipu Characteristics Quipus made during the Inca Empire are decorated in at least 52 different colors, either as a single solid color, twisted into two-color barber poles, or as an unpatterned mottled group of colors. They have three kinds of knots, a single/overhand knot, a long knot of multiple twists of the overhand style, and an elaborate figure-of-eight knot. The knots are tied in tiered clusters, which have been identified as recording the numbers of objects in a base-10 system. German archaeologist Max Uhle interviewed a shepherd in 1894, who told him that the figure-of-eight knots on his quipu stood for 100 animals, the long knots were 10s and single overhand knots represented a single animal. Inca quipus were made from strings of spun and plied threads of cotton or camelid (alpaca and llama) wool fibers. They were typically arranged in only one organized form: primary cord and pendant. The surviving single primary cords are of widely variable length but are typically about a half centimeter (about two-tenths of an inch) in diameter. The number of pendant cords varies between two and 1,500: the average in the Harvard database is 84. In about 25 percent of the quipus, the pendant cords have subsidiary pendant cords. One sample from Chile contained six levels. Some quipus were recently found in an Inca-period archaeological site  right next to plant remains of chili peppers, black beans, and peanuts (Urton and Chu 2015). Examining the quipus, Urton and Chu think they have discovered a recurring pattern of a number- 15- that may represent the amount of tax due to the empire on each of these foodstuffs. This is the first time that archaeology has been able to explicitly connect quipus to accounting practices. Wari Quipu Characteristics American archaeologist Gary Urton (2014) collected data on 17 quipus which date to the Wari period, several of which have been radiocarbon-dated. The oldest so far is dated to cal AD 777-981, from a collection stored in the American Museum of Natural History. Wari quipus are made of cords of white cotton, which were then wrapped with elaborately dyed threads made from the wool of camelids (alpaca and llama). Knot styles found incorporated in the cords are simple overhand knots, and they are predominantly plied in a Z-twist  fashion. The Wari quipus are organized in two main formats: primary cord and pendant, and loop and branch. The primary cord of a quipu is a long horizontal cord, from which hangs a number of thinner cords. Some of those descending cords also have pendants, called subsidiary cords. The loop and branch type has an elliptical loop for a primary cord; pendant cords descend from it in series of loops and branches. Researcher Urton believes that the main organizational counting system may have been base 5 (that of the Inca quipus has been determined to be base 10) or the Wari may not have used such a representation. Sources Hyland, Sabine. Ply, Markedness, and Redundancy: New Evidence for How Andean Quipus Encoded Information. American Anthropologist 116.3 (2014): 643-48. Print.Kenney, Amanda. Encoding Authority: Navigating the Uses of Khipu in Colonial Peru. Traversea 3 (2013). Print.Medrano, Manuel, and Gary Urton. Toward the Decipherment of a Set of Mid-Colonial Khipus from the Santa Valley, Coastal Peru. Ethnohistory 65.1 (2018): 1-23. Print.Pilgaonkar, Sneha. The Khipu-Based Numeration System. ArcXiv arXiv:1405.6093 (2014). Print.Saez-Rodrà ­guez, Alberto. An Ethnomathematics Exercise for Analyzing a Khipu Sample from Pachacamac (Perà º). Revista Latinoamericana de Ethnomatemtica 5.1 (2012): 62-88. Print.Salomon, Frank. The Twisting Paths of Recall: Khipu (Andean Cord Notation) as Artifact. Writing as Material Practice: Substance, Surface and Medium. Eds. Piquette, Kathryn E. and Ruth D. Whitehouse. London: Ubiquity Press, 2013. 15-44. Print.Tun, Molly, and Miguel Angel Diaz Sotelo. Recovering An dean Historical Memory and Mathematics. Revista Latinoamericana de Etnomatemtica 8.1 (2015): 67-86. Print. Urton, Gary. From Middle Horizon Cord-Keeping to the Rise of Inka Khipus in the Central Andes. Antiquity 88.339 (2014): 205-21. Print.Urton, Gary, and Alejandro Chu. Accounting in the Kings Storehouse: The Inkawasi Khipu Archive. Latin American Antiquity 26.4 (2015): 512-29. Print.

Case study analysis of technology and organizational choice at Essay

Case study analysis of technology and organizational choice at NHSDirect - Essay Example 497). This was done with the help of the system of job rotation that allowed variety to the employees within the limited framework. The setup of the organisation was such that the number of nurses exceeded the number of doctors and the general management of NHS. The case study showed that the nurses had been able to maintain the caring and human aspect of the organisation despite the automation in the processes in which they worked (Steinberg and Baxter, 1998, p. 149). The case also looks into the aspect of the knowledge in various domains in the organisation. The included the treatment specific clinical knowledge, the occupational knowledge of the doctors as well as the nurses and the managerial knowledge that is required to run the organisation in an efficient manner (Kovach, 1996, p. 120). The organisation had been successful in incorporating creativity, interface and realistic approach in the way how the knowledge was produced through the employees of the organisation. Thus paral lel to the technical knowledge that was required for the successful running of the technological processes of the call centre, the nurses ensured that the professional knowledge was also nurtured and the organisation was run based on the human values. ... According to the age old theory, people who work under a particular work set up are seen to be influenced by the process because it is the way the organisation would be able to optimise (Taylor, 2007, p. 11). In most of the call centre based services like banking, the employees do not have much liberty and flexibility because most of the work is predetermined by the decision making systems that is set up by the managers. However, in this particular case of NHS, the nurses did not let the technical aspect dominate the humanitarian facets of the work. Despite working in the call centre set up the nurses decided which patient should be addressed first rather than the frequency of visit of a particular patient. Therefore the entire work set up in NHS took place as per the judgement and discretion of the nurses (Checkoway and Doyle, 1980, p. 17). This was the big idea of the case study that challenged the orthodox theories of the labour process theories. Answer 3 In NHS Direct Nurses are getting themselves more acquainted with eHealth services which are positive in the healthcare services. EHealth provides interaction between patients and the health service providers in a much improved way. They use ICT-based tool i.e. information and communication technology based tool to assists the patients in diagnosing, prevention, treatment and health monitoring of the management. But it required expertise from the nurses to carry out the operations which they lacked. A nurse is like a knowledge worker. So they have to be supported for their role. They have to collect the clinical data, then structure it and transform them into information which is to be interpreted with the nurse’s speciality in the

Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 5

Research Paper Example Pollution, more so air pollution is China has become an epidemic in most Chinese cities in the recent past with a report stating that China lists sixteen cities out of the twenty most polluted cities in the world. It is no doubt that China is one of the fastest growing economies of the world and with this exponential growth, major institutions in the world including the United Nations have raised some concerns over what seems like little or lack of proper environmental management policies in China. The epicenter of this matter revolves around waste management since virtually every industrial and human activity leads to the production of waste. Since certain class of wastes can pose great danger to the environment, it is imperative that the Chinese government take proactive role in investigating the major causes of air pollution in china. China produces a variety of wastes ranging from electronic waste, industrial wastes, to nuclear wastes. Our major concern here is the rampant air po llution in China, how it has influenced the lifestyles of the Chinese citizens, and other neighboring countries like India. In the year 2012, the president of China Medical Association, Zhong Nanshan, raised his concerns over what he termed as one of the major medical disasters facing China at the time. He mentioned cardiovascular diseases and lung cancer as the main vectors through which air pollution manifests itself. Air pollution is specifically high in the urban areas of China like the major cites than in the rural areas due to the high rate of emissions from manufacturing industries and motor vehicles. A research conducted indicated that incidences of lung cancer and cardiovascular diseases were especially high in the cities because of the prevalence of air pollution. In major climatic conferences and seminars, China has always taken the blame as the world’s leading country in terms of carbon emissions. Many nations and recognized organizations have accused China of bei ng lenient to those whose emissions surpass the international standards within its jurisdiction. In addition, China has not fully embraced the thorny issue of air pollution with the seriousness that it deserves as seen in her standards of gauging the pollution levels. The government of China did not until lately include PM.5 and the Ozone in measuring the index of the air quality. This laxity in combating air pollution really tainted the image of the Chinese government and her products world over. It was the renowned environmentalists around the world that spearheaded a campaign that would see China change its course for the better, even if the final destination is still far. Rooij (2006) categorizes of air pollution in the People’s Republic of china into emissions from factories, motor vehicle emissions, and construction firms. By the end of 2006, the emissions of Sulfur dioxide in china had reached a maximum high after which it reduced significantly. Before the period, this chemical was responsible for the pollution of a considerable volume of air with it worst victim being the Ozone layer. The construction and furniture industries are prone to using formaldehyde in adhesion and preservation. Due to the volatility nature of these compounds, indoor air pollution has been inevitable in most Chinese

Enemy of the People :: essays papers

Enemy of the People â€Å"An Enemy of the People†, a play written by Henrik Ibsen, is about a small town on the southern coast of Norway and how it perceives and accepts truth. The town is governed by Peter Stockmann and doctored by his younger brother, Thomas. The main conflict flares up between these two siblings and then spreads throughout the town as they both try to do best by the â€Å"community.† Dr. Thomas Stockmann is a public-minded doctor in a small town famous for its public baths. He discovers that the water supply for the baths is contaminated and has probably been the cause of some illness among the tourists who are the town's economic lifeblood. In his effort to clean up the water supply, Dr. Stockmann runs into political cowards, sold-out journalists, shortsighted armchair economists, and a benighted Citizenry. His own principled idealism exacerbates the conflict. The well-meaning doctor is publicly labeled an enemy of the people, and he and his family are all but driven out of the town he was trying to save. This is an early dramatization of something we know better a century later: the difficulty of translating medical scientific knowledge into political action. Ibsen's well-intentioned blustery doctor heroically fails. This is partly because the local democratic processes are quite cynical (powerful people prevent him from getting his information to the citizens). Dr. Stockmann also suffers from a professional blindness that keeps him from understanding how anyone could possibly disagree that his scientific "truth" (he uses the world frequently) requires rebuilding the town's waterworks. He is a classic case of virtue-based ethics sacrificing outcome for principle. This play addresses many social issues. It ties in family, truth, righteousness, community, and politics. It really demonstrates how one issue can have many â€Å"truths† to it and how different people, even within ones own family, can see the same thing in total different perspectives; and in doing that act out against one another in an attempt to prove that one’s own perspective is the â€Å"right† or only one. In human nature, we are not one to compromise. We see so many things as one way or another, right or wrong; rarely do we seek to find the common ground between the two. In this play, common ground is never found, and in the end leaves a family broken up and a society left to wonder.

Perception of the CABEIHM Students Essay

Romeo G. Fajardo (2006) stressed that the student’s success is dependent on their effectiveness, efficiency and concentration on studying and these are affected by the learning materials they use and the way they use it. Hence, the value of studying is precious and not to be squandered, no matter what the students believe regarding this matter. Study habits play a major role in academic achievement of the students because without this habit, certainly they cannot fully succeeded on their study. Students cannot learn simply by being told what to do or by watching others, they have to practice studying frequently. Successful students employ time management system to create study patterns that work and use active learning methods to add meaning and interest to their study time and maintaining their motivation by connecting reasons for study to their life goals and values. Learners must develop and established good study habits in doing school work, which can raised their academic performance. If the students can easily develop a good study skills, this can be considered as their assets as learner. Students can easily attain the mastery and areas of specialization and excellent performances for them to gradually attain achievements through their consistent study habits. High grades are commonly the aim of the students. According to Aguire (2004), it is not enough to simply think about studying but to actually do it or apply it. Practicing doesn’t make perfect but practice of studying can make students perfect end successful. The value of education of study habits interrelates the value of studying wherein the student can easily save time, make every hour of studying counts, consider when they will study and accepts the thing and assurance that the students can have. High educational achievement attained by the learners in school is the primary objective of education. It cannot be achieved in a split second or snap of a finger. Many school learners fail in their studies due to their inability to cope with the daily obstacles and demands in schools. Effective study skills are about more than understanding and it must be practiced in order to improve and enable the students to perform in school properly. It is not enough to simply â€Å"think about† studying, it must be performed. Study habits are considered as routinary activity of the students, there is a lot of things that can influence their way of studying for each passing day. Now, the trends in technology can easily catch the student’s attention. Since students are one of the target of fast changing technology, there are several web pages known as social networking site created for them and this became trending because of its several links. As time goes by, the usage of social networking site became virtual habit of the students. Before, they were devoting their free time in studying; now they are spending more time in using social network , some uses it to improve their way of studying and others is to just enjoy the features of it. On the other hand, nowadays studies of the students are getting harder, they rely on social network because they perceive it as a tool in getting access to information easily but unfortunately this could affect their studying capabilities, focus and attention unlike before when the social network is not yet existing wherein students rely on traditional way of studying, specifically the usage of books. The researchers opted to conduct this study because they are interested to determine the effects of the usage of social network in their study habits. Background of the study College of Accountancy Business Economics and International Hospitality Management (CABEIHM) offers five courses; BS in Accounting Management, BS in Accountancy, BS in Business Administration, BS in Hotel and Restaurant Management and BS in Tourism Management. It has the most numbered students who are also using social network in their study. Considering this, it is interesting to determine their perception regarding the social networking effects on their study habits. The researchers opted to conduct this study because they will be determining if the respondents can clearly indicate their perception on the effects of emerging social networking in their study habits. Setting of the Study The study of the Perception of the CABEIHM Students on the Effect of Social Networking on their Study Habits The respondents will be 200 CABEIHM Students who are selected from 1st – 4th year.

Human Rights for Refugees - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 14 Words: 4097 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/10/10 Did you like this example? TASK I There has been a massive exodus of people from different parts of the world as people are fleeing from their countries in search of a safe and secure environment. The challenges and dangers that they face as they flee from their country indicate that most prefer death to staying in their country. The number has soared in the last half a decade as wars and political instability in different regions of the world has necessitated people to move in search of asylum. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Human Rights for Refugees" essay for you Create order However, they asylum seekers are met by harsh environments as politicians have increasingly called on their governments to change their laws to ensure that refugees are not allowed in their countries. It is a problem that has led to the EU members to discuss the issue of refugees in their meetings and hold hard positions against people moving to their countries. Countries such as England, Italy and Hungary are against the refugees being settled in their countries and have called for reviews in their laws to effect these changes. This paper assesses the human rights of refugees and how the world is observing these rights through the models that have been adopted across the globe by individual countries. Although countries and states have been offering asylum to refugees for centuries the current refugee regime is under the United Charter Article 1 that was developed after the Second World War. The world had to react to the Nazi atrocities at a time when the Nazi were killing people for being from another race. Under Article 14(1) of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights that was adopted in 1948 it was clear that refugees or everyone had a right to seek and enjoy asylum in other countries (Douglas-Scott, 2011). Under Article 1 it was clear that people would not be prevented from seeking asylum in any country that was a member state of the UN and the proper models had to be adopted to ensure that their rights and freedoms were effectively observed. These have been the underlying regulations or articles that have been observed by countries through the years since it was first adopted in 1948 (Forsythe, 2017). Under the new model there was the controlling international convention on refugee law that was developed in 1951 and its 1967 optional protocol relating to the status of the refugees in a new country. These acts and their pursuant conventions on refugee laws were critical in developing the best methods towards change observed in the region. It was therefore, critical to adopt an actionable model that would be sufficiently developed through articulating the specific tools that were matched in the system. However, there have been changes in the systems with countries political outcry especially in Europe where they note that the number of refugees is becoming unsustainable. The number of immigrants and refugees moving to the developed economies has raised questions among these countries as the leaders note that there are problems in the systems adopted.   The world has witnessed a massive exodus of people in 2016 and developed economies are pointing to increased costs of maintaining the ever increasing numbers (Forsythe, 2017). One of the main methods that have been used by individual countries especially in Europe is to create barriers to entry in their country. England voted down a law of rescuing children who were unaccompanied when they reached at their borders. There is massive loss of lives in the Mediterranean and other journeys that people make as they look to enter into the developed countries and get asylum. Most children lose their families in the bustle as they sacrifice their lives to help their children get to the other side. England was in the past giving a chance to children to be settled if they reached unaccompanied. This has since changed with the country voting down this law and limiting the number of refugees who can get into the country as a result (Forsythe, 2017). These are tactics aimed at controlling and reducing the number of refugees in the country and leading to a different model of change that has been adopted by other countries in Europe. Most of the people cannot get to the borders on their own and as a result they are smuggled into Europe through the seas. The North African countries are particularly notorious of torturing and killing anyone who does not make it to Europe and gets back to their countries. Libya and other North African countries that have faced political instability for years have seen many people escaping through the Mediterranean in search of better lives. The European countries are creating massive hurdles for the different groups that smuggle people through the sea and they are developing a different model of change that is aimed at reducing these numbers. The plan to rescue more refugees is being hampered instead of being helped by the European countries as they look to decrease the number of people entering these countries. Hungary has been particularly hostile to the refugees with the Hungarian border guards taking selfies with beaten immigrants to showcase their control over their borders (Smith, 2016). The scenes in the country point towards intolerance of new refugees in their country and problems from the models that are being adopted in a country that is developing newer legal attributes and critical measures in the region. Hungary is even building a wall to stop any more refugees to enter their country (Smith, 2016). This is a problem that is reported to different countries across Europe and has been critically evaluated towards reaching out to the EU for deliberation. As the immigrants move from their countries to find a better environment in the developed nations, they are faced with the same level of animosity at the borders and for some are taken back with the European countries knowing the dangers that stand to be faced for these people considered deserters. The EU is taking initiative to ensure that people stay in Libya with the Libyan coastguard being offered training by EU member countries to get the smugglers. Although the UN has been critical of these methods that are used by the EU member states, this has continued with England being one of the member countries that has been found to participate in these training models regularly (Smith, 2016). It is a problem that has continued to be faced through the North African region as immigrants and refugees are facing more challenges to get to their destination. The death toll of refugees on the sea is very high and the same case applies to the number of refugees who make it to the border (Dembour and Kelly, 2012). Whereas in the past refugees would be assimilated in the community or settled in a place where they would start their lives as they waited for their countries to change, this is not the case. The refugees are neglected with the countries developing strict legal precedents that m ake it impossible to get the best from these initiatives. It is these individual attributes that affect the refugees and their ability to get the best from the new environment that leads to problems in the systems identified. It is more worrying when one views the remarks that are made by top government officials who represent the people and the notions that are forwarded. The officials view the immigrants as intruders in their region and remark that they swarm into their countries changing their healthy economies (Smith, 2016). The national dailies and other sources also use similar notations when referring to these individuals and are critical of the individual models developed. It is a mapping model that is met by individual attributes and measures that are critical to understanding different structural processes and meeting the individual needs that are identified. The North African countries as well as Syrian refugees are faced with bad references and inclinations with some of the leaders noting that they are bad for their security (Fischer-Lescano et al, 2009). Leaders are critical of the government models used and developed thereby highlighting a different structural impetus that is matched by indi vidual tools needed in the different countries. The vilification of the refugees has been identified as a major danger to their overall well-being. The increased attacks in Europe have precipitated more hate and xenophobic behavior against the refugees who are believed to have caused these problems in the society. It is these underlying attributes that are particularly developed and created through the individual tools used thereby indicating a different structural model needed for the societal changes (Smith, 2016). In mapping the individual measures and tools needed towards developing a better model in addressing these problems. The developed world has failed miserably in attending to the needs of the refugees from different parts of the region and it’s their negative approaches to these issues that have led to more problems. The individual structures and methods that are used by the developed nations are hinged on their need for security and good governance. The politicians note these as the main reasons for stopping more refugees into getting to these countries but these mask the real reasons for controlling the entry of more refugees in the country (Dembour and Kelly, 2012). There is a negative attitude that is created when the individual tools and processes are met thereby significantly affecting the individual models that are needed towards establishing a proper model of change that is created in these countries. The same is not witnessed in developing economies such as other African countries where refugees have been offered asylum for decades whereas they do not have enough as a people (Mole and Meredith, 2010). It should be a call to action for these individual countries to reassess their individual methods and ensure that proper tools have been adopted to create a better process in the system. The main question is; what are the methods that can be used to reinforce the laws under Article 1 of the Human Rights law that was set under the United Charter? Is there any form of recourse that is available and what is the direction that the world is taking under these new approaches? Most of the countries that are taking the negative approaches towards giving the refugees asylum are members of the UN Security Council and although the UN has come out strongly against these actions, nothing has been done (Joly, 2016). The methods start to build new precedents that if adopted by other countries across the world will lead to massive problems in the systems and models needed. It is therefore, intricate to ensure that the fundamental concepts that have been developed meet the set requirements as was intended in 1948 under the new structure that was needed to move the world forward. The utterances and remarks that are being made by some of the leaders in these countries are disheartening and indicative of a negative approach that if taken would lead to massive problems for the world. It is irresponsible for these countries that are world leaders in many respects to be making such comments and their drawback on the world models and approaches is massive (Steiner et al, 2013). The breach and disregard for human rights by these countries is staggering since they are poised as liberal, advanced and democratic institutions that are governed under the law (Dembour and Kelly, 2012). The disregard for the UN charter leads other countries to do the same and the problems that would manifest later would be grave. It is imperative for these countries to take a proactive approach to these issues and ensure that they do not exacerbate the problem further with the actions that they are taking. In conclusion, it is totally unfortunate that in the 21st century people are preferring death to living in their own countries. It is more disheartening however, that countries that perpetuate to protect and uphold the rule of law are brutally committing people to this same fate. It is still to be established what will happen in future but the trends are negative and one can only prepare for the worst. Countries should go back to 1948 and critically assess the reasons for the present United Charter under Article 1 and deliberate on the possibility of a recurrence of such scenarios in the future. Task II Reconciliation and the Peace Building Process Genocide, war crimes or violent conflicts are only resolved through developing the best reconciliation processes and peace building. Intractable conflicts in the society can only end through engaging in reconciliation and ensuring that different groups resolve the conflict to interact in future. It is a hard process that is characterized by differences in opinions and models and should not be considered to be the end point of conflict since without healing there can be recurrence of the same problem in future. It is therefore, imperative to ensure that the best structures have been set up to settle the political, social, judicial and economic injustices that may have led to the conflicts. Reconciliation can only be contemplated in society where the two groups are prepared to compromise on their positions and create a community model where they unite to create a new chapter for their lives. The healing process may take time but with the proper methods critical towards developing a coh esive structure for trust and transformation, groups live together in peace the atrocities of the past notwithstanding. This paper assesses the different aspects of reconciliation and peace building and how they help in the rebuilding processes of two groups for the future after violent conflicts. In addition, it assesses the role of different institutions and policies that are critical in meeting the new structures essential for a successful reconciliation process. Reconciliation and conflict transformation is the first part of the reconciliation process that uses a multifaceted approach to manage violent conflict in all the phases. Transformation entails changing the relationships from negative to positive relations, behavior, attitudes and structures (Ramsbotham et al, 2016). It is the first part in the reconciliation process where individuals have to understand the individual traits and make an informed assessment of different models developed. It is critically developed through understanding the problems and creating a new context where people attack the problem and not other people. In the transformation stage, there has to be the development of proper psychological, spiritual, social, economic, political and military levels. The areas that were culpable for the conflict have to be assessed and the problem addressed as a problem for all and not against an individual group. The rebuilding of trust is also imperative since it is broken throu gh the violent crimes with each group demonizing the other. It is therefore, critical to ensure that proper methods are used to rebuild and develop trust among members thereby creating a proper model of strengthening relationships between groups. Reconciliation also helps in transforming beliefs and attitudes in the society since during the war different groups develop mythical and beliefs that are meant to spread fear and hatred against the other. The reconciliation process helps in debunking and demystifying these myths and beliefs to ensure that the groups view each other’s as humans. Reconciliation mainly aims at changing the perceptions and the mindset of the two groups to oversee a process where the groups can overcome intolerance towards each other and live in peace (Ramsbotham et al, 2016). It is important during this process to address the different areas where the problem may have been exacerbated including the media and the theater. However, the political, social and economic aspects also need to be addressed while transforming these groups to ensure that proper tools are developed. Reconciliation can only be contemplated or developed when the society finds healing and proper models to communicate and move on from the problems faced. One of the main areas of reconciliation process is trauma healing that forms a critical part of the reconciliation model (Smith, 2004). In healing, reconciliation is a critical part in finding the strength to move on after a traumatic event in one’s life. It is imperative to ensure that the reconciliation process addresses the problems being faced by the victims and the perpetrators. Trauma affects the two groups differently but the cognitive and emotional precepts are negatively affected by the events that they have witnessed. Great care therefore, needs to be taken in the reconciliation process to ensure that the two groups gain healing from the trauma faced. The psychologists tasked with addressing these issues need to understand that reconciliation and healing is a cyclical process whereby if one facet fails the whole pro cess fails as a result (Ramsbotham et al, 2016). It makes it intricate for the best methods to be used to enhance healing for every group. History and memory work are some of the aspects that can be used in the reconciliation processes. The historical precepts before the war and past that was prosperous and full of good memories between the groups need to be developed during the reconciliation process are critical. In countries where war has ravaged the country for decades such as Somalia or Palestine, visual presentations and videos can be used to ensure that the people understand the need for reconciliation and a positive attitude towards each other (ICISS, 2001). Memory and history helps to serve as a catalyst for convincing the people that there is goodness in everyone and united they can transform their community in future. The religions and religious actors have an active role to play in the reconciliation and healing processes. Religion is one of the most revered and highly respected aspect of most societies and since most religions preach peace they are easily trusted by the people. The use of religious based pacifist convictions to develop the individual inclinations and models that are critical in the society are integral towards overseeing change in the set systems. It is imperative to ensure that through the best tools needed for change there is a proactive process that uses the religious leaders in most of the structures that are developed for the reconciliation process (Baylis et al, 2014). The reconciliation, justice and application of the rule of law need to be structured through gaining the rubber stamp of the religious leaders to gain support from the people in the region. It is these important attributes that are therefore, critical towards developing and creating a strong model of change that is needed in the systems applied accordingly. The religious leaders are also critical in facilitating training and educational programs that are aimed at propagating for peace in the society. Democracy, governance and reconciliation are also critical aspects that need to be addressed in the reconciliation process. One of the areas that is critical in reconciliation is restoring the political community and civil society that are critical facets of every community (Ramsbotham et al, 2016). In most of the wars it is the political upheavals and misunderstandings that lead to problems in the set systems. Sudan is a perfect example of political processes and problems where even after South Sudan was proclaimed a sovereign state they still have not settled on their political system and leadership. In every reconciliation process it is imperative to ensure that the political systems and community have been critically matched and there is a proper hierarchical structure that is matched from the individual and collective models that are developed. The reconciliation process is mainly aided by leaders who are willing to compromise on their positions and take a linear or align with t he best approach for the good of the community. It is a critical attribute that is particularly developed and modeled through understanding and developing the best reconciliation processes that are critical in a civil society (Ramsbotham et al, 2016). The civil society is also integral since it outlines the significant processes that are critical for change and map out different structures as critically outlined and modeled in the systems integrated in the reconciliation processes developed. The reconciliation process also requires the development and building of civic trust or confidence in the models and individual values that are critical in the institutions and state. It is important to develop the best model of public trust and civic engagement where people are united and consistent in their goals and models to advance as one people in future. It outlines the critical attributes that are integral in establishing public trust in the institutions that are established to help the country in moving forward. The different groups should however be particularly represented and their interests deemed to be critical in building civic trust (Baylis et al, 2014). The reconciliation of the media and the stories that are aired on different platforms of social media or otherwise is also critical. The media forms the hub for advancing and spreading the individual attributes or positions that are taken by leaders in the society. The media is critical in advancing peace and should b e trained on the message that it should give to the people and controls that are needed towards ensuring advanced modeling and fostering peace in the society. Reconciliation is also critical in democratization of the rules and models that are developed by the country or the people. Democratic institutions and aspects of equality and engagement between the specific groups needs to be developed to ensure that the people are united and engage towards facing the future as one. There needs to be political intolerance that can be founded in giving the people individual freedom and access to different ideas and positions developed. Engaging in political debate of past, present and future and focusing on specific goals for the future as a single country is also critical (Baylis et al, 2014). The establishment of the rule of law to support human rights culture and reduction of intergroup prejudice is also critical in developing cooperation among individuals in the systems. It is therefore, pertinent to ensure that the best tools have been critically evaluated thereby outlining a specific tool or process for change that creates a good inclination an d development towards developing a just society. The truth, Justice and Reconciliation commissions are critical in overseeing justice and the rule of law administered in the reconciliation process. This is a critical part of reconciliation since it ensures that the proper justice mechanisms are instituted and proper tools are adopted to hold individuals accountable for their actions. In most cases however, the truth is the main item that is assessed and focused on in these commissions as a method to ensure that people can gain closure and understand exactly what happened. It is an important part in the reconciliation process since it takes the blame away from only a single group or individuals and shares it across the groups or helps the victims in gaining closure. It is however, important to ensure that the Commission constituted understands its role and takes the proper methods towards achieving its overall goals. In cases where the proper tools and approaches are not used, there can be recurrence of war since the two groups may not understand each other on the attributes of circumstances that led to these problems. It is therefore, imperative for proper procedural processes and models to be adopted while creating a strong controlled process that is essential for change. The different arguments on the fact that justice is in most cases forgotten for the pursuance of the truth indicates a differentiated process of change that is matched by the exchange of truth. It is thereby, imperative to understand the background and individual aspects or views of the two groups before constituting the reconciliation commission (Barash and Charles. 2009). However, in most cases the commission helps in uniting the people and giving a good reconciliation process that is matched by individual tools that are developed within the systems accordingly. The commission needs to study the individual risks that the peace building process may face if there is a break in these talks (ICISS, 2001). The people also need to be assured of their safety in the new society that is to be forged. To ensure that they can survive the healing process after trauma, the people need to feel secure and assured to ensure that they meet the individual attributes needed in the society. In conclusion, the reconciliation process takes time, effort and compromise with diligence and integrity also being focal points of these processes. The people need guarantees and assurances through their representatives that the individual problems have been resolved and they can look forward to a better future. It is these attributes that are therefore, critically developed and measured towards understanding and developing the best processes needed in the formation of a better country or community.